What are the temperature differences between Athens, Thessaloniki, Crete Island, Piraeus and Santorini island?

Santorini island has the mildest winter temperatures, remaining within a comfortable range for most of the year. Thessaloniki experiences the coldest temperatures, with minimums dipping into discomfort territory during January and December. Piraeus, Athens and Crete Island have similar temperature profiles, with hot summers and mild winters, but Piraeus and Athens have higher maximum temperatures in summer(discomfort zone).

What are the differences in sun/precipitation levels between Athens, Thessaloniki, Crete Island, Piraeus and Santorini island?

Thessaloniki shows slightly higher precipitation in several months compared to the other locations, especially in March, May, and November, while also having comparable sun hours to Athens and Piraeus. Santorini consistently has the lowest precipitation levels throughout the year but experiences slightly lower sun hours compared to other mainland cities. Peak sun hours are generally observed in July across all locations, with Santorini, Crete, and Piraeus having the highest values during this period. Winter months (December-February) show the lowest sun hours and highest precipitation across all cities, with Thessaloniki standing out for its relatively high winter precipitation.

What are the differences in astronomy conditions (sunrise, sunset) between Athens, Thessaloniki, Crete Island, Piraeus and Santorini island?

Thessaloniki has the earliest sunrise in June and latest sunset, resulting in the longest days, while Crete Island has the latest sunrise and earliest sunset, leading to the shortest days overall Santorini and Crete have similar sunrise times, but differ slightly in sunset and day length Piraeus and Athens share identical sunrise, sunset, and day length patterns The variation of day length between the cities peaks at over 40 minutes due to their position in Greece.

Greece: Weather & Climate Comparison

Yearly weather

Calculations are based on the last 8 years of historical weather data.

Temperatures

Santorini island has the mildest winter temperatures, remaining within a comfortable range for most of the year.
Thessaloniki experiences the coldest temperatures, with minimums dipping into discomfort territory during January and December.
Piraeus, Athens and Crete Island have similar temperature profiles, with hot summers and mild winters, but Piraeus and Athens have higher maximum temperatures in summer(discomfort zone).

Maximum Temperatures

Period	Athens	Thessaloniki	Crete Island	Piraeus	Santorini island
Jan	12.9°C	10.1°C	14.6°C	12.9°C	14.9°C
Feb	13.7°C	12.1°C	14.7°C	13.7°C	14.6°C
Mar	16.4°C	15.2°C	16.5°C	16.2°C	15.4°C
Apr	20.4°C	19.1°C	20.0°C	20.3°C	17.3°C
May	25.3°C	24.0°C	24.0°C	25.2°C	20.2°C
Jun	30.5°C	29.7°C	27.8°C	30.2°C	23.8°C
Jul	33.7°C	33.1°C	30.0°C	33.5°C	26.0°C
Aug	33.0°C	33.2°C	29.6°C	32.9°C	26.2°C
Sep	28.9°C	28.0°C	27.5°C	28.8°C	24.7°C
Oct	23.7°C	22.4°C	23.4°C	23.5°C	21.8°C
Nov	18.6°C	16.3°C	19.8°C	18.6°C	19.1°C
Dec	14.6°C	11.5°C	16.4°C	14.6°C	16.5°C
Average	22.6°C	22.0°C	22.5°C	20.0°C	21.2°C

Minimum Temperatures

Period	Athens	Thessaloniki	Crete Island	Piraeus	Santorini island
Jan	7.0°C	3.7°C	9.4°C	7.2°C	12.7°C
Feb	7.3°C	4.9°C	9.3°C	7.5°C	12.6°C
Mar	9.1°C	6.9°C	10.5°C	9.4°C	13.6°C
Apr	12.1°C	10.0°C	12.9°C	12.3°C	15.5°C
May	16.6°C	14.6°C	16.7°C	16.8°C	18.4°C
Jun	21.5°C	19.5°C	20.6°C	21.5°C	22.3°C
Jul	24.2°C	22.3°C	22.7°C	24.2°C	24.3°C
Aug	24.1°C	22.7°C	22.9°C	24.2°C	24.7°C
Sep	20.7°C	18.6°C	21.1°C	20.9°C	23.3°C
Oct	16.4°C	14.2°C	18.0°C	16.7°C	20.4°C
Nov	12.7°C	10.0°C	14.8°C	12.8°C	17.3°C
Dec	9.3°C	5.8°C	11.7°C	9.5°C	14.6°C
Average	15.1°C	15.9°C	15.3°C	18.3°C	12.8°C

Maximum/minimum temperature averages are computed by averaging the max/min temperature of each day for a given period.

Conditions

Thessaloniki shows slightly higher precipitation in several months compared to the other locations, especially in March, May, and November, while also having comparable sun hours to Athens and Piraeus. Santorini consistently has the lowest precipitation levels throughout the year but experiences slightly lower sun hours compared to other mainland cities. Peak sun hours are generally observed in July across all locations, with Santorini, Crete, and Piraeus having the highest values during this period.
Winter months (December-February) show the lowest sun hours and highest precipitation across all cities, with Thessaloniki standing out for its relatively high winter precipitation.

Sunny Weather

Period	Athens	Thessaloniki	Crete Island	Piraeus	Santorini island
Jan	5.0 hours/day	5.3 hours/day	4.3 hours/day	5.0 hours/day	3.6 hours/day
Feb	4.9 hours/day	5.1 hours/day	4.8 hours/day	4.9 hours/day	4.6 hours/day
Mar	6.7 hours/day	5.8 hours/day	6.5 hours/day	6.7 hours/day	6.6 hours/day
Apr	8.7 hours/day	7.7 hours/day	8.7 hours/day	8.6 hours/day	8.9 hours/day
May	9.8 hours/day	8.2 hours/day	10.5 hours/day	9.8 hours/day	11.4 hours/day
Jun	11.0 hours/day	10.5 hours/day	12.5 hours/day	11.0 hours/day	13.0 hours/day
Jul	12.9 hours/day	12.1 hours/day	13.4 hours/day	13.0 hours/day	13.9 hours/day
Aug	12.9 hours/day	11.6 hours/day	13.2 hours/day	12.9 hours/day	13.5 hours/day
Sep	9.6 hours/day	9.0 hours/day	10.5 hours/day	9.6 hours/day	11.1 hours/day
Oct	8.6 hours/day	7.7 hours/day	8.0 hours/day	8.6 hours/day	8.3 hours/day
Nov	5.6 hours/day	4.7 hours/day	5.9 hours/day	5.6 hours/day	5.7 hours/day
Dec	4.8 hours/day	4.9 hours/day	4.5 hours/day	4.8 hours/day	3.6 hours/day
Average	8.4 hours/day	8.6 hours/day	8.4 hours/day	8.7 hours/day	7.7 hours/day

Sun hours are computed from the number of hours of direct sunlight. The length of the day can affect these measurements; for example, northern cities have longer days in summer.

Precipitation Levels

Period	Athens	Thessaloniki	Crete Island	Piraeus	Santorini island
Jan	1.8mm	1.8mm	1.7mm	1.8mm	2.3mm
Feb	1.8mm	1.3mm	1.7mm	1.8mm	1.8mm
Mar	1.4mm	2.1mm	1.7mm	1.4mm	1.3mm
Apr	1.6mm	1.7mm	0.6mm	1.6mm	0.3mm
May	0.9mm	1.8mm	1.0mm	0.9mm	0.2mm
Jun	1.3mm	1.7mm	0.5mm	1.3mm	0.1mm
Jul	0.6mm	0.9mm	0.3mm	0.6mm	0.0mm
Aug	0.4mm	0.9mm	0.3mm	0.4mm	0.0mm
Sep	0.9mm	0.9mm	0.3mm	0.9mm	0.2mm
Oct	0.7mm	1.2mm	0.9mm	0.7mm	0.2mm
Nov	1.5mm	2.0mm	1.1mm	1.5mm	1.3mm
Dec	2.2mm	2.3mm	1.6mm	2.2mm	2.2mm
Average	1.3mm	1.0mm	1.3mm	0.8mm	1.6mm

Average amount of precipitation that falls in a form of a rain, snow, sleet or hail.

Wind Speed

Period	Athens	Thessaloniki	Crete Island	Piraeus	Santorini island
Jan	19.0km/h	13.7km/h	21.6km/h	19.1km/h	37.9km/h
Feb	18.8km/h	13.7km/h	20.4km/h	18.9km/h	36.6km/h
Mar	19.3km/h	14.2km/h	21.0km/h	19.4km/h	36.5km/h
Apr	18.2km/h	14.7km/h	18.2km/h	18.2km/h	31.5km/h
May	17.3km/h	14.7km/h	16.7km/h	17.3km/h	27.8km/h
Jun	18.1km/h	15.4km/h	17.7km/h	17.9km/h	27.0km/h
Jul	21.4km/h	17.3km/h	21.3km/h	21.3km/h	32.0km/h
Aug	22.6km/h	16.1km/h	20.8km/h	22.5km/h	29.7km/h
Sep	19.4km/h	15.6km/h	19.0km/h	19.4km/h	30.2km/h
Oct	17.7km/h	12.4km/h	17.2km/h	17.6km/h	29.1km/h
Nov	18.8km/h	12.1km/h	18.8km/h	18.9km/h	31.7km/h
Dec	17.9km/h	13.3km/h	19.7km/h	18.1km/h	34.6km/h
Average	19.0km/h	19.4km/h	19.1km/h	32.1km/h	14.4km/h

Humidity

Period	Athens	Thessaloniki	Crete Island	Piraeus	Santorini island
Jan	70.5%	68.9%	72.2%	70.4%	68.0%
Feb	70.0%	67.5%	72.3%	70.0%	68.8%
Mar	63.8%	67.8%	69.1%	64.0%	69.7%
Apr	58.1%	64.9%	65.2%	58.7%	72.1%
May	52.9%	63.7%	64.4%	53.4%	75.4%
Jun	48.1%	56.7%	63.0%	49.0%	75.5%
Jul	41.3%	47.6%	60.3%	42.0%	74.4%
Aug	41.6%	45.7%	62.1%	42.2%	75.7%
Sep	49.9%	51.2%	62.7%	50.3%	72.0%
Oct	58.1%	58.5%	66.2%	58.5%	69.9%
Nov	67.1%	67.3%	69.7%	67.2%	70.4%
Dec	71.1%	70.7%	72.1%	71.0%	69.6%
Average	57.7%	66.6%	58.1%	71.8%	60.9%

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Astronomy

Thessaloniki has the earliest sunrise in June and latest sunset, resulting in the longest days, while Crete Island has the latest sunrise and earliest sunset, leading to the shortest days overall
Santorini and Crete have similar sunrise times, but differ slightly in sunset and day length
Piraeus and Athens share identical sunrise, sunset, and day length patterns
The variation of day length between the cities peaks at over 40 minutes due to their position in Greece.

Sunrise Time

Period	Athens	Thessaloniki	Crete Island	Piraeus	Santorini island
Jan	7:38	7:49	7:27	7:39	7:28
Feb	7:15	7:22	7:07	7:15	7:06
Mar	6:40	6:44	6:35	6:41	6:33
Apr	6:50	6:50	6:48	6:50	6:44
May	6:15	6:11	6:16	6:16	6:12
Jun	6:03	5:58	6:06	6:04	6:01
Jul	6:16	6:11	6:18	6:16	6:13
Aug	6:41	6:40	6:41	6:41	6:37
Sep	7:07	7:10	7:04	7:08	7:01
Oct	7:29	7:35	7:22	7:30	7:22
Nov	7:06	7:16	6:56	7:07	6:56
Dec	7:34	7:44	7:22	7:34	7:23
Average	6:54	6:48	6:54	6:48	7:00

Sunrise times are output in the local timezone of each place.

Sunset Time

Period	Athens	Thessaloniki	Crete Island	Piraeus	Santorini island
Jan	17:31	17:28	17:33	17:31	17:28
Feb	18:04	18:03	18:02	18:04	17:59
Mar	18:38	18:41	18:34	18:39	18:32
Apr	20:01	20:08	19:53	20:02	19:53
May	20:29	20:39	20:18	20:29	20:19
Jun	20:49	21:00	20:35	20:49	20:37
Jul	20:46	20:56	20:34	20:46	20:34
Aug	20:16	20:24	20:07	20:17	20:07
Sep	19:32	19:37	19:27	19:33	19:25
Oct	18:41	18:42	18:39	18:42	18:36
Nov	17:14	17:11	17:16	17:15	17:11
Dec	17:08	17:04	17:11	17:09	17:06
Average	19:06	19:00	19:06	19:00	19:12

Sunset times are output in the local timezone of each place.

Useful Day Length

Period	Athens	Thessaloniki	Crete Island	Piraeus	Santorini island
Jan	9:53 hours	9:39 hours	10:06 hours	9:52 hours	9:59 hours
Feb	10:49 hours	10:41 hours	10:56 hours	10:49 hours	10:53 hours
Mar	11:38 hours	11:41 hours	11:34 hours	11:39 hours	11:32 hours
Apr	13:01 hours	13:08 hours	12:53 hours	13:02 hours	12:53 hours
May	13:29 hours	13:39 hours	13:18 hours	13:29 hours	13:19 hours
Jun	13:49 hours	14:00 hours	13:35 hours	13:49 hours	13:37 hours
Jul	13:46 hours	13:56 hours	13:34 hours	13:46 hours	13:34 hours
Aug	13:16 hours	13:24 hours	13:07 hours	13:17 hours	13:07 hours
Sep	12:25 hours	12:27 hours	12:23 hours	12:25 hours	12:24 hours
Oct	11:12 hours	11:07 hours	11:17 hours	11:12 hours	11:14 hours
Nov	10:08 hours	9:56 hours	10:16 hours	10:08 hours	10:11 hours
Dec	9:35 hours	9:19 hours	9:50 hours	9:35 hours	9:43 hours
Average	11:54 hours	11:54 hours	11:54 hours	11:54 hours	11:54 hours

Discards daylight hours before 7 AM. In places that are located to the west of the timezone, the sun rises and sets later compared to the cities that are located to the east. This means that the useful day length is longer in the cities located to the west of the time zone.